dos2unix

Section: (1)
Updated: dos2unix v3.0
Index
Return to Main Contents

---

NAME

dos2unix – DOS/MAC to UNIX text file format converter

SYNOPSYS

dos2unix [options] [-c convmode] [-o file ...] [-n infile outfile ...]

Options:

[-hkqV] [--help] [--keepdate] [--quiet] [--version]

DESCRIPTION

This manual page documents dos2unix, the program that converts plain text
files in DOS/MAC format to UNIX format.

OPTIONS

The following options are available:

-h –help

Print online help.

-k –keepdate

Keep the date stamp of output file same as input file.

-q –quiet

Quiet mode. Suppress all warning and messages.

-V –version

Prints version information.

-c –convmode convmode

Sets conversion mode. Where convmode is one of:
ASCII, 7bit, ISO, Mac

with ASCII being the default.
Simulates dos2unix under SunOS.

-o –oldfile file …

Old file mode. Convert the file and write output to it. The program
default to run in this mode. Wildcard names may be used.

-n –newfile infile outfile …

New file mode. Convert the infile and write output to outfile. File names
must be given in pairs and wildcard names should NOT be used or you WILL
lost your files.

EXAMPLES

Get input from stdin and write output to stdout.

dos2unix

Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt.

dos2unix a.txt b.txt
dos2unix -o a.txt b.txt

Convert and replace a.txt in ASCII conversion mode.

dos2unix a.txt -c iso b.txt

Convert and replace b.txt in ISO conversion mode.

dos2unix -c ascii a.txt -c iso b.txt

Convert c.txt from Mac to Unix ascii format.

dos2unix -c mac c.txt b.txt

Convert and replace a.txt while keeping original date stamp.

dos2unix -k a.txt
dos2unix -k -o a.txt

Convert a.txt and write to e.txt.

dos2unix -n a.txt e.txt

Convert a.txt and write to e.txt, keep date stamp of e.txt same as a.txt.

dos2unix -k -n a.txt e.txt 

Convert and replace a.txt. Convert b.txt and write to e.txt.

dos2unix a.txt -n b.txt e.txt
dos2unix -o a.txt -n b.txt e.txt

Convert c.txt and write to e.txt. Convert and replace a.txt.
Convert and replace b.txt. Convert d.txt and write to f.txt.

dos2unix -n c.txt e.txt -o a.txt b.txt -n d.txt f.txt

DIAGNOSTICS

BUGS

The program does not work properly under MSDOS in stdio processing mode.
If you know why is that so, please tell me.

AUTHORS

Benjamin Lin -
<blin@socs.uts.edu.au>

Bernd Johannes Wuebben (mac2unix mode)
<wuebben@kde.org>

MISCELLANY

Tested environment:

Linux 1.2.0 with GNU C 2.5.8

SunOS 4.1.3 with GNU C 2.6.3

MS-DOS 6.20 with Borland C++ 4.02

Suggestions and bug reports are welcome.

SEE ALSO

unix2dos(1) mac2unix(1)

---

Index

NAME

SYNOPSYS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

EXAMPLES

DIAGNOSTICS

BUGS

AUTHORS

MISCELLANY

SEE ALSO

---

This document was created by
man2html,
using the manual pages.

Time: 06:33:23 GMT, July 12, 2011

1+wall

WALL

Section: Linux User’s Manual (1)
Updated: 15 April 2003
IndexReturn to Main Contents

---

 

NAME

wall — send a message to everybody’s terminal.

 

SYNOPSIS

wall[-n][ message ]

 

DESCRIPTION

Wallsends a message to everybody logged in with theirmesg(1)permissionset toyes.The message can be given as an argument towall,or it can be sent towall‘sstandard input. When using the standard input from a terminal,the message should be terminated with theEOFkey (usually Control-D).

The length of the message is limited to 20 lines.For every invocation ofwalla notification will be written to syslog, with facilityLOG_USERand levelLOG_INFO.

 

OPTIONS

-n

Suppresses the normal banner printed bywall,changing it to "Remote broadcast message".This option is only available for root ifwallis installed set-group-id, and is used byrpc.walld(8).

 

ENVIRONMENT

Wallignores theTZvariable – the time printed in the banner is based on the system’slocal time.

 

SEE ALSO

mesg(1),rpc.rwalld(8).

 

AUTHOR

Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

ENVIRONMENT

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

---

desc: wall — send a message to everybody’s terminal.

keywords: linux, manual, pages, wall

[tags]linux, manual, pages, wall[/tags]

1+uptime

UPTIME

Section: Linux User’s Manual (1)
Updated: 26 Jan 1993
IndexReturn to Main Contents

---

 

NAME

uptime – Tell how long the system has been running. 

SYNOPSIS

uptime
uptime [-V] 

DESCRIPTION

uptimegives a one line display of the following information.The current time,how long the system has been running,how many users are currently logged on,and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes.

This is the same information contained in the header line displayed by w(1). 

FILES

/var/run/utmp information about who is currently logged on
/proc process information 

AUTHORS

uptimewas written by Larry Greenfield <greenfie@gauss.rutgers.edu> and
Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@sunsite.unc.edu>.

Please send bug reports to <albert@users.sf.net> 

SEE ALSO

ps(1),top(1),utmp(5),w(1)

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FILES

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

---

desc: uptime – Tell how long the system has been running.

keywords: linux, manual, pages, uptime

[tags]linux, manual, pages, uptime[/tags]

1+uname

UNAME

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: March 2009
IndexReturn to Main Contents

---

 

NAME

uname – print system information 

SYNOPSIS

uname[OPTION]… 

DESCRIPTION

Print certain system information. With no OPTION, same as -s.

-a, –all

print all information, in the following order,except omit -p and -i if unknown:

-s, –kernel-name

print the kernel name

-n, –nodename

print the network node hostname

-r, –kernel-release

print the kernel release

-v, –kernel-version

print the kernel version

-m, –machine

print the machine hardware name

-p, –processor

print the processor type or "unknown"

-i, –hardware-platform

print the hardware platform or "unknown"

-o, –operating-system

print the operating system

–help

display this help and exit

–version

output version information and exit

 

AUTHOR

Written by David MacKenzie. 

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>. 

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. 

SEE ALSO

arch(1), uname(2)

The full documentation forunameis maintained as a Texinfo manual. If theinfoandunameprograms are properly installed at your site, the command

info uname

should give you access to the complete manual.

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

REPORTING BUGS

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

---

desc: uname – print system information

keywords: linux, manual, pages, uname

[tags]linux, manual, pages, uname[/tags]

1+true

TRUE

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: March 2009
IndexReturn to Main Contents

---

 

NAME

true – do nothing, successfully 

SYNOPSIS

true[ignored command line arguments]
trueOPTION 

DESCRIPTION

Exit with a status code indicating success.

–help

display this help and exit

–version

output version information and exit

NOTE: your shell may have its own version of true, which usually supersedesthe version described here. Please refer to your shell’s documentationfor details about the options it supports. 

AUTHOR

Written by Jim Meyering. 

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>. 

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. 

SEE ALSO

The full documentation fortrueis maintained as a Texinfo manual. If theinfoandtrueprograms are properly installed at your site, the command

info true

should give you access to the complete manual.

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

REPORTING BUGS

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

---

desc: true – do nothing, successfully

keywords: linux, manual, pages, true

[tags]linux, manual, pages, true[/tags]

1+tr

TR

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: March 2009
IndexReturn to Main Contents

---

 

NAME

tr – translate or delete characters 

SYNOPSIS

tr[OPTION]… SET1 [SET2] 

DESCRIPTION

Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,writing to standard output.

-c, -C, –complement

first complement SET1

-d, –delete

delete characters in SET1, do not translate

-s, –squeeze-repeats

replace each input sequence of a repeated characterthat is listed in SET1 with a single occurrenceof that character

-t, –truncate-set1

first truncate SET1 to length of SET2

–help

display this help and exit

–version

output version information and exit

SETs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent themselves.Interpreted sequences are:

NNN

character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)

backslash



audible BEL



backspace

form feed

new line

return

horizontal tab



vertical tab

CHAR1-CHAR2

all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order

[CHAR*]

in SET2, copies of CHAR until length of SET1

[CHAR*REPEAT]

REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0

[:alnum:]

all letters and digits

[:alpha:]

all letters

[:blank:]

all horizontal whitespace

[:cntrl:]

all control characters

[:digit:]

all digits

[:graph:]

all printable characters, not including space

[:lower:]

all lower case letters

[:print:]

all printable characters, including space

[:punct:]

all punctuation characters

[:space:]

all horizontal or vertical whitespace

[:upper:]

all upper case letters

[:xdigit:]

all hexadecimal digits

[=CHAR=]

all characters which are equivalent to CHAR

Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear.-t may be used only when translating. SET2 is extended to length ofSET1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess charactersof SET2 are ignored. Only [:lower:] and [:upper:] are guaranteed toexpand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they mayonly be used in pairs to specify case conversion. -s uses SET1 if nottranslating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs aftertranslation or deletion. 

AUTHOR

Written by Jim Meyering. 

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>. 

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. 

SEE ALSO

The full documentation fortris maintained as a Texinfo manual. If theinfoandtrprograms are properly installed at your site, the command

info tr

should give you access to the complete manual.

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

REPORTING BUGS

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

---

desc: tr – translate or delete characters

new line

return

horizontal tab



vertical tab

CHAR1-CHAR2

all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order

[CHAR*]

in SET2, copies of CHAR until length of SET1

[CHAR*REPEAT]

REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0

[:alnum:]

all letters and digits

[:alpha:]

all letters

[:blank:]

all horizontal whitespace

[:cntrl:]

all control characters

[:digit:]

all digits

[:graph:]

all printable characters, not including space

[:lower:]

all lower case letters

[:print:]

all printable characters, including space

[:punct:]

all punctuation characters

[:space:]

all horizontal or vertical whitespace

[:upper:]

all upper case letters

[:xdigit:]

all hexadecimal digits

[=CHAR=]

all characters which are equivalent to CHAR

Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear.-t may be used only when translating. SET2 is extended to length ofSET1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess charactersof SET2 are ignored. Only [:lower:] and [:upper:] are guaranteed toexpand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they mayonly be used in pairs to specify case conversion. -s uses SET1 if nottranslating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs aftertranslation or deletion. 

AUTHOR

Written by Jim Meyering. 

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>. 

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. 

SEE ALSO

The full documentation fortris maintained as a Texinfo manual. If theinfoandtrprograms are properly installed at your site, the command

info tr

should give you access to the complete manual.

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

REPORTING BUGS

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

---

keywords: linux, manual, pages, tr

[tags]linux, manual, pages, tr[/tags]

1+test

TEST

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: March 2009
IndexReturn to Main Contents

---

 

NAME

test – check file types and compare values 

SYNOPSIS

testEXPRESSION
test

[EXPRESSION ]
[]
[OPTION 

DESCRIPTION

Exit with the status determined by EXPRESSION.

--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exit

An omitted EXPRESSION defaults to false. Otherwise,EXPRESSION is true or false and sets exit status. It is one of:

( EXPRESSION )

EXPRESSION is true

! EXPRESSION

EXPRESSION is false

EXPRESSION1 -a EXPRESSION2

both EXPRESSION1 and EXPRESSION2 are true

EXPRESSION1 -o EXPRESSION2

either EXPRESSION1 or EXPRESSION2 is true

-n STRING

the length of STRING is nonzero

STRING

equivalent to -n STRING

-z STRING

the length of STRING is zero

STRING1 = STRING2

the strings are equal

STRING1 != STRING2

the strings are not equal

INTEGER1 -eq INTEGER2

INTEGER1 is equal to INTEGER2

INTEGER1 -ge INTEGER2

INTEGER1 is greater than or equal to INTEGER2

INTEGER1 -gt INTEGER2

INTEGER1 is greater than INTEGER2

INTEGER1 -le INTEGER2

INTEGER1 is less than or equal to INTEGER2

INTEGER1 -lt INTEGER2

INTEGER1 is less than INTEGER2

INTEGER1 -ne INTEGER2

INTEGER1 is not equal to INTEGER2

FILE1 -ef FILE2

FILE1 and FILE2 have the same device and inode numbers

FILE1 -nt FILE2

FILE1 is newer (modification date) than FILE2

FILE1 -ot FILE2

FILE1 is older than FILE2

-b FILE

FILE exists and is block special

-c FILE

FILE exists and is character special

-d FILE

FILE exists and is a directory

-e FILE

FILE exists

-f FILE

FILE exists and is a regular file

-g FILE

FILE exists and is set-group-ID

-G FILE

FILE exists and is owned by the effective group ID

-h FILE

FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -L)

-k FILE

FILE exists and has its sticky bit set

-L FILE

FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -h)

-O FILE

FILE exists and is owned by the effective user ID

-p FILE

FILE exists and is a named pipe

-r FILE

FILE exists and read permission is granted

-s FILE

FILE exists and has a size greater than zero

-S FILE

FILE exists and is a socket

-t FD

file descriptor FD is opened on a terminal

-u FILE

FILE exists and its set-user-ID bit is set

-w FILE

FILE exists and write permission is granted

-x FILE

FILE exists and execute (or search) permission is granted

Except for -h and -L, all FILE-related tests dereference symbolic links.Beware that parentheses need to be escaped (e.g., by backslashes) for shells.INTEGER may also be -l STRING, which evaluates to the length of STRING.

NOTE: [ honors the --help and --version options, but test does not.test treats each of those as it treats any other nonempty STRING.

NOTE: your shell may have its own version of test and/or [, which usually supersedesthe version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentationfor details about the options it supports. 

AUTHOR

Written by Kevin Braunsdorf and Matthew Bradburn. 

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>. 

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. 

SEE ALSO

The full documentation fortestis maintained as a Texinfo manual. If theinfoandtestprograms are properly installed at your site, the command

info test

should give you access to the complete manual.

---

 

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

REPORTING BUGS

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

---

desc: test - check file types and compare values

keywords: linux, manual, pages, test

[tags]linux, manual, pages, test[/tags]